1 /* Authentication token and access key management
2  *
3  * Copyright (C) 2004, 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
8  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
9  * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  *
12  * See Documentation/security/keys/core.rst for information on keys/keyrings.
13  */
14 
15 #ifndef _LINUX_KEY_H
16 #define _LINUX_KEY_H
17 
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/list.h>
20 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
21 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
22 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
23 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
24 #include <linux/atomic.h>
25 #include <linux/assoc_array.h>
26 #include <linux/refcount.h>
27 #include <linux/time64.h>
28 
29 #ifdef __KERNEL__
30 #include <linux/uidgid.h>
31 
32 /* key handle serial number */
33 typedef int32_t key_serial_t;
34 
35 /* key handle permissions mask */
36 typedef uint32_t key_perm_t;
37 
38 struct key;
39 
40 #ifdef CONFIG_KEYS
41 
42 #undef KEY_DEBUGGING
43 
44 #define KEY_POS_VIEW	0x01000000	/* possessor can view a key's attributes */
45 #define KEY_POS_READ	0x02000000	/* possessor can read key payload / view keyring */
46 #define KEY_POS_WRITE	0x04000000	/* possessor can update key payload / add link to keyring */
47 #define KEY_POS_SEARCH	0x08000000	/* possessor can find a key in search / search a keyring */
48 #define KEY_POS_LINK	0x10000000	/* possessor can create a link to a key/keyring */
49 #define KEY_POS_SETATTR	0x20000000	/* possessor can set key attributes */
50 #define KEY_POS_ALL	0x3f000000
51 
52 #define KEY_USR_VIEW	0x00010000	/* user permissions... */
53 #define KEY_USR_READ	0x00020000
54 #define KEY_USR_WRITE	0x00040000
55 #define KEY_USR_SEARCH	0x00080000
56 #define KEY_USR_LINK	0x00100000
57 #define KEY_USR_SETATTR	0x00200000
58 #define KEY_USR_ALL	0x003f0000
59 
60 #define KEY_GRP_VIEW	0x00000100	/* group permissions... */
61 #define KEY_GRP_READ	0x00000200
62 #define KEY_GRP_WRITE	0x00000400
63 #define KEY_GRP_SEARCH	0x00000800
64 #define KEY_GRP_LINK	0x00001000
65 #define KEY_GRP_SETATTR	0x00002000
66 #define KEY_GRP_ALL	0x00003f00
67 
68 #define KEY_OTH_VIEW	0x00000001	/* third party permissions... */
69 #define KEY_OTH_READ	0x00000002
70 #define KEY_OTH_WRITE	0x00000004
71 #define KEY_OTH_SEARCH	0x00000008
72 #define KEY_OTH_LINK	0x00000010
73 #define KEY_OTH_SETATTR	0x00000020
74 #define KEY_OTH_ALL	0x0000003f
75 
76 #define KEY_PERM_UNDEF	0xffffffff
77 
78 struct seq_file;
79 struct user_struct;
80 struct signal_struct;
81 struct cred;
82 
83 struct key_type;
84 struct key_owner;
85 struct keyring_list;
86 struct keyring_name;
87 
88 struct keyring_index_key {
89 	struct key_type		*type;
90 	const char		*description;
91 	size_t			desc_len;
92 };
93 
94 union key_payload {
95 	void __rcu		*rcu_data0;
96 	void			*data[4];
97 };
98 
99 /*****************************************************************************/
100 /*
101  * key reference with possession attribute handling
102  *
103  * NOTE! key_ref_t is a typedef'd pointer to a type that is not actually
104  * defined. This is because we abuse the bottom bit of the reference to carry a
105  * flag to indicate whether the calling process possesses that key in one of
106  * its keyrings.
107  *
108  * the key_ref_t has been made a separate type so that the compiler can reject
109  * attempts to dereference it without proper conversion.
110  *
111  * the three functions are used to assemble and disassemble references
112  */
113 typedef struct __key_reference_with_attributes *key_ref_t;
114 
make_key_ref(const struct key * key,bool possession)115 static inline key_ref_t make_key_ref(const struct key *key,
116 				     bool possession)
117 {
118 	return (key_ref_t) ((unsigned long) key | possession);
119 }
120 
key_ref_to_ptr(const key_ref_t key_ref)121 static inline struct key *key_ref_to_ptr(const key_ref_t key_ref)
122 {
123 	return (struct key *) ((unsigned long) key_ref & ~1UL);
124 }
125 
is_key_possessed(const key_ref_t key_ref)126 static inline bool is_key_possessed(const key_ref_t key_ref)
127 {
128 	return (unsigned long) key_ref & 1UL;
129 }
130 
131 typedef int (*key_restrict_link_func_t)(struct key *dest_keyring,
132 					const struct key_type *type,
133 					const union key_payload *payload,
134 					struct key *restriction_key);
135 
136 struct key_restriction {
137 	key_restrict_link_func_t check;
138 	struct key *key;
139 	struct key_type *keytype;
140 };
141 
142 enum key_state {
143 	KEY_IS_UNINSTANTIATED,
144 	KEY_IS_POSITIVE,		/* Positively instantiated */
145 };
146 
147 /*****************************************************************************/
148 /*
149  * authentication token / access credential / keyring
150  * - types of key include:
151  *   - keyrings
152  *   - disk encryption IDs
153  *   - Kerberos TGTs and tickets
154  */
155 struct key {
156 	refcount_t		usage;		/* number of references */
157 	key_serial_t		serial;		/* key serial number */
158 	union {
159 		struct list_head graveyard_link;
160 		struct rb_node	serial_node;
161 	};
162 	struct rw_semaphore	sem;		/* change vs change sem */
163 	struct key_user		*user;		/* owner of this key */
164 	void			*security;	/* security data for this key */
165 	union {
166 		time64_t	expiry;		/* time at which key expires (or 0) */
167 		time64_t	revoked_at;	/* time at which key was revoked */
168 	};
169 	time64_t		last_used_at;	/* last time used for LRU keyring discard */
170 	kuid_t			uid;
171 	kgid_t			gid;
172 	key_perm_t		perm;		/* access permissions */
173 	unsigned short		quotalen;	/* length added to quota */
174 	unsigned short		datalen;	/* payload data length
175 						 * - may not match RCU dereferenced payload
176 						 * - payload should contain own length
177 						 */
178 	short			state;		/* Key state (+) or rejection error (-) */
179 
180 #ifdef KEY_DEBUGGING
181 	unsigned		magic;
182 #define KEY_DEBUG_MAGIC		0x18273645u
183 #endif
184 
185 	unsigned long		flags;		/* status flags (change with bitops) */
186 #define KEY_FLAG_DEAD		0	/* set if key type has been deleted */
187 #define KEY_FLAG_REVOKED	1	/* set if key had been revoked */
188 #define KEY_FLAG_IN_QUOTA	2	/* set if key consumes quota */
189 #define KEY_FLAG_USER_CONSTRUCT	3	/* set if key is being constructed in userspace */
190 #define KEY_FLAG_ROOT_CAN_CLEAR	4	/* set if key can be cleared by root without permission */
191 #define KEY_FLAG_INVALIDATED	5	/* set if key has been invalidated */
192 #define KEY_FLAG_BUILTIN	6	/* set if key is built in to the kernel */
193 #define KEY_FLAG_ROOT_CAN_INVAL	7	/* set if key can be invalidated by root without permission */
194 #define KEY_FLAG_KEEP		8	/* set if key should not be removed */
195 #define KEY_FLAG_UID_KEYRING	9	/* set if key is a user or user session keyring */
196 
197 	/* the key type and key description string
198 	 * - the desc is used to match a key against search criteria
199 	 * - it should be a printable string
200 	 * - eg: for krb5 AFS, this might be "afs@REDHAT.COM"
201 	 */
202 	union {
203 		struct keyring_index_key index_key;
204 		struct {
205 			struct key_type	*type;		/* type of key */
206 			char		*description;
207 		};
208 	};
209 
210 	/* key data
211 	 * - this is used to hold the data actually used in cryptography or
212 	 *   whatever
213 	 */
214 	union {
215 		union key_payload payload;
216 		struct {
217 			/* Keyring bits */
218 			struct list_head name_link;
219 			struct assoc_array keys;
220 		};
221 	};
222 
223 	/* This is set on a keyring to restrict the addition of a link to a key
224 	 * to it.  If this structure isn't provided then it is assumed that the
225 	 * keyring is open to any addition.  It is ignored for non-keyring
226 	 * keys. Only set this value using keyring_restrict(), keyring_alloc(),
227 	 * or key_alloc().
228 	 *
229 	 * This is intended for use with rings of trusted keys whereby addition
230 	 * to the keyring needs to be controlled.  KEY_ALLOC_BYPASS_RESTRICTION
231 	 * overrides this, allowing the kernel to add extra keys without
232 	 * restriction.
233 	 */
234 	struct key_restriction *restrict_link;
235 };
236 
237 extern struct key *key_alloc(struct key_type *type,
238 			     const char *desc,
239 			     kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid,
240 			     const struct cred *cred,
241 			     key_perm_t perm,
242 			     unsigned long flags,
243 			     struct key_restriction *restrict_link);
244 
245 
246 #define KEY_ALLOC_IN_QUOTA		0x0000	/* add to quota, reject if would overrun */
247 #define KEY_ALLOC_QUOTA_OVERRUN		0x0001	/* add to quota, permit even if overrun */
248 #define KEY_ALLOC_NOT_IN_QUOTA		0x0002	/* not in quota */
249 #define KEY_ALLOC_BUILT_IN		0x0004	/* Key is built into kernel */
250 #define KEY_ALLOC_BYPASS_RESTRICTION	0x0008	/* Override the check on restricted keyrings */
251 #define KEY_ALLOC_UID_KEYRING		0x0010	/* allocating a user or user session keyring */
252 #define KEY_ALLOC_SET_KEEP		0x0020	/* Set the KEEP flag on the key/keyring */
253 
254 extern void key_revoke(struct key *key);
255 extern void key_invalidate(struct key *key);
256 extern void key_put(struct key *key);
257 
__key_get(struct key * key)258 static inline struct key *__key_get(struct key *key)
259 {
260 	refcount_inc(&key->usage);
261 	return key;
262 }
263 
key_get(struct key * key)264 static inline struct key *key_get(struct key *key)
265 {
266 	return key ? __key_get(key) : key;
267 }
268 
key_ref_put(key_ref_t key_ref)269 static inline void key_ref_put(key_ref_t key_ref)
270 {
271 	key_put(key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
272 }
273 
274 extern struct key *request_key(struct key_type *type,
275 			       const char *description,
276 			       const char *callout_info);
277 
278 extern struct key *request_key_with_auxdata(struct key_type *type,
279 					    const char *description,
280 					    const void *callout_info,
281 					    size_t callout_len,
282 					    void *aux);
283 
284 extern struct key *request_key_async(struct key_type *type,
285 				     const char *description,
286 				     const void *callout_info,
287 				     size_t callout_len);
288 
289 extern struct key *request_key_async_with_auxdata(struct key_type *type,
290 						  const char *description,
291 						  const void *callout_info,
292 						  size_t callout_len,
293 						  void *aux);
294 
295 extern int wait_for_key_construction(struct key *key, bool intr);
296 
297 extern int key_validate(const struct key *key);
298 
299 extern key_ref_t key_create_or_update(key_ref_t keyring,
300 				      const char *type,
301 				      const char *description,
302 				      const void *payload,
303 				      size_t plen,
304 				      key_perm_t perm,
305 				      unsigned long flags);
306 
307 extern int key_update(key_ref_t key,
308 		      const void *payload,
309 		      size_t plen);
310 
311 extern int key_link(struct key *keyring,
312 		    struct key *key);
313 
314 extern int key_unlink(struct key *keyring,
315 		      struct key *key);
316 
317 extern struct key *keyring_alloc(const char *description, kuid_t uid, kgid_t gid,
318 				 const struct cred *cred,
319 				 key_perm_t perm,
320 				 unsigned long flags,
321 				 struct key_restriction *restrict_link,
322 				 struct key *dest);
323 
324 extern int restrict_link_reject(struct key *keyring,
325 				const struct key_type *type,
326 				const union key_payload *payload,
327 				struct key *restriction_key);
328 
329 extern int keyring_clear(struct key *keyring);
330 
331 extern key_ref_t keyring_search(key_ref_t keyring,
332 				struct key_type *type,
333 				const char *description);
334 
335 extern int keyring_add_key(struct key *keyring,
336 			   struct key *key);
337 
338 extern int keyring_restrict(key_ref_t keyring, const char *type,
339 			    const char *restriction);
340 
341 extern struct key *key_lookup(key_serial_t id);
342 
key_serial(const struct key * key)343 static inline key_serial_t key_serial(const struct key *key)
344 {
345 	return key ? key->serial : 0;
346 }
347 
348 extern void key_set_timeout(struct key *, unsigned);
349 
350 /*
351  * The permissions required on a key that we're looking up.
352  */
353 #define	KEY_NEED_VIEW	0x01	/* Require permission to view attributes */
354 #define	KEY_NEED_READ	0x02	/* Require permission to read content */
355 #define	KEY_NEED_WRITE	0x04	/* Require permission to update / modify */
356 #define	KEY_NEED_SEARCH	0x08	/* Require permission to search (keyring) or find (key) */
357 #define	KEY_NEED_LINK	0x10	/* Require permission to link */
358 #define	KEY_NEED_SETATTR 0x20	/* Require permission to change attributes */
359 #define	KEY_NEED_ALL	0x3f	/* All the above permissions */
360 
key_read_state(const struct key * key)361 static inline short key_read_state(const struct key *key)
362 {
363 	/* Barrier versus mark_key_instantiated(). */
364 	return smp_load_acquire(&key->state);
365 }
366 
367 /**
368  * key_is_positive - Determine if a key has been positively instantiated
369  * @key: The key to check.
370  *
371  * Return true if the specified key has been positively instantiated, false
372  * otherwise.
373  */
key_is_positive(const struct key * key)374 static inline bool key_is_positive(const struct key *key)
375 {
376 	return key_read_state(key) == KEY_IS_POSITIVE;
377 }
378 
key_is_negative(const struct key * key)379 static inline bool key_is_negative(const struct key *key)
380 {
381 	return key_read_state(key) < 0;
382 }
383 
384 #define dereference_key_rcu(KEY)					\
385 	(rcu_dereference((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0))
386 
387 #define dereference_key_locked(KEY)					\
388 	(rcu_dereference_protected((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0,		\
389 				   rwsem_is_locked(&((struct key *)(KEY))->sem)))
390 
391 #define rcu_assign_keypointer(KEY, PAYLOAD)				\
392 do {									\
393 	rcu_assign_pointer((KEY)->payload.rcu_data0, (PAYLOAD));	\
394 } while (0)
395 
396 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
397 extern struct ctl_table key_sysctls[];
398 #endif
399 /*
400  * the userspace interface
401  */
402 extern int install_thread_keyring_to_cred(struct cred *cred);
403 extern void key_fsuid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
404 extern void key_fsgid_changed(struct task_struct *tsk);
405 extern void key_init(void);
406 
407 #else /* CONFIG_KEYS */
408 
409 #define key_validate(k)			0
410 #define key_serial(k)			0
411 #define key_get(k) 			({ NULL; })
412 #define key_revoke(k)			do { } while(0)
413 #define key_invalidate(k)		do { } while(0)
414 #define key_put(k)			do { } while(0)
415 #define key_ref_put(k)			do { } while(0)
416 #define make_key_ref(k, p)		NULL
417 #define key_ref_to_ptr(k)		NULL
418 #define is_key_possessed(k)		0
419 #define key_fsuid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
420 #define key_fsgid_changed(t)		do { } while(0)
421 #define key_init()			do { } while(0)
422 
423 #endif /* CONFIG_KEYS */
424 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
425 #endif /* _LINUX_KEY_H */
426