xref: /linux-tools/perf/contextswitch/perf_cxt_switch_3.cpp (revision c995a2d01ec016e07a0052d1d0b650e51fec4753)
1 #include <stdlib.h>
2 #include <stdio.h>
3 #include <unistd.h>
4 #include <string.h>
5 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
6 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
7 #include <asm/unistd.h>
8 #include <sys/mman.h>
9 #include <sys/stat.h>
10 #include <poll.h>
11 #include <signal.h>
12 #include <fcntl.h>
13 #include <elf.h>
14 #include <string.h>
15 
16 #include <vector>
17 #include <string>
18 #include <map>
19 #include <unordered_map>
20 #include <algorithm>
21 using namespace std;
22 
23 
24 #define MAXN  128
25 #define MAXCPU 1024
26 #define error(msg) do { perror(msg); exit(1); } while(0)
27 //--------------------------------Tree for call chain and report-------------------------------
28 //
29 struct TNode {
30     int c=0;
31     unordered_map<string, TNode*> s;
32     struct TNode *add(string n) {
33         c++;
34         if (s[n]==nullptr) s[n] = new TNode();
35         return s[n];
36     }
37     int printit(FILE *fp, int k) {
38         if (s.size()) {
39             using tt = tuple<int, string, TNode*>;
40             vector<tt> xx;
41             for (auto x: s) xx.push_back(make_tuple(x.second->c, x.first, x.second));
42             sort(begin(xx), end(xx), greater<tt>());
43             for (auto x: xx) {
44                 auto count = get<0>(x);
45                 if (100.0*count/c<1) continue;
46                 auto name = get<1>(x);
47                 auto nx = get<2>(x);
48                 fprintf(fp, "<li>\n");
49                 fprintf(fp, "<input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"c%d\" />\n", k);
50                 fprintf(fp, "<label class=\"tree_label\" for=\"c%d\">%s(%.3f%% %d/%d)</label>\n", k, name.c_str(), 100.0*count/c, count, c);
51                 fprintf(fp, "<ul>\n");
52                 // printf("%s(%.3f%% %d/%d)\n", name.c_str(), 100.0*count/c, count, c);
53                 k = nx->printit(fp, k+1);
54                 fprintf(fp, "</ul>\n");
55                 fprintf(fp, "</li>\n");
56             }
57         }
58         return k;
59     }
60 };
61 
62 //--------------------------------symbols-------------------------------------------
63 using STORE_T = map<unsigned long long, pair<string, unsigned long long>>;
64 using K_STORE_T = map<unsigned long long, string>;
65 
66 /*
67  * load FUNC symbols refering to the section indicated by the offset, relocate the virtual address
68  */
69 void parse_elf64(FILE *fp, unsigned long long v_addr, unsigned long long v_size, unsigned long long v_offset, STORE_T& store) {
70     // printf("read elf with offset 0x%llx, addr 0x%llx\n", v_offset, v_addr);
71     Elf64_Ehdr ehdr;
72     int rc = fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fp);
73     if (rc != 1) return;
74     int n, s, i;
75     unsigned long long offset;
76 
77     // load program headers
78     unsigned long long p_vaddr, p_size;
79     n = ehdr.e_phnum;
80     s = ehdr.e_phentsize;
81     offset = ehdr.e_phoff;
82     Elf64_Phdr phdr;
83     for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
84         rc = fseek(fp, offset, SEEK_SET);
85         if (rc<0) { perror("fail to seek"); return; }
86         rc = fread(&phdr, sizeof(phdr), 1, fp);
87         if (rc != 1) { perror("fail to read program header"); return; }
88         if (phdr.p_flags&PF_X) {
89             if (phdr.p_offset == v_offset) {
90                 p_vaddr = phdr.p_vaddr;
91                 p_size = phdr.p_memsz; if (p_size==0) p_size = 0xffffffff;
92                 break;
93             }
94         }
95         offset+=s;
96     }
97     if (i>=n) { printf("No program header match offset found, fail to load\n"); return; }
98 
99     // load section headers
100     n = ehdr.e_shnum;
101     s = ehdr.e_shentsize;
102     offset = ehdr.e_shoff;
103     Elf64_Shdr shdr;
104     vector<Elf64_Shdr> headers;
105     for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
106         rc = fseek(fp, offset, SEEK_SET);
107         if (rc<0) { perror("fail to seek"); return; }
108         rc = fread(&shdr, sizeof(shdr), 1, fp);
109         if (rc != 1) { perror("fail to read sec header"); return; }
110         headers.push_back(shdr);
111         offset+=s;
112     }
113     Elf64_Sym symb;
114     unsigned long long faddr, fsize;
115     unsigned long long size, item_size;
116     int link, ix, flink, k;
117     char fname[128];
118     for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
119         switch(headers[i].sh_type) {
120             case SHT_SYMTAB:
121             case SHT_DYNSYM:
122                 offset = headers[i].sh_offset;
123                 size = headers[i].sh_size;
124                 item_size = headers[i].sh_entsize;
125                 link = headers[i].sh_link;
126                 if (link<=0) break;
127                 for (k=0; k+item_size<=size; k+=item_size) {
128                     rc = fseek(fp, offset+k, SEEK_SET); if (rc<0) continue;
129                     rc = fread(&symb, sizeof(symb), 1, fp); if (rc != 1) continue;
130                     if (ELF64_ST_TYPE(symb.st_info) != STT_FUNC ) continue;
131                     flink = symb.st_shndx; if (flink==0) continue;
132                     fsize = symb.st_size; if (fsize==0) continue;
133                     faddr = symb.st_value; if (faddr>p_vaddr+p_size) continue;
134                     ix = symb.st_name; if (ix==0) continue;
135                     rc = fseek(fp, headers[link].sh_offset+ix, SEEK_SET); if (rc<0) continue;
136                     if (fgets(fname, sizeof(fname), fp)==NULL) continue;
137                     faddr = faddr-p_vaddr+v_addr;
138                     store[faddr] = make_pair(string(fname), fsize);
139                 }
140                 break;
141             default:
142                 break;
143         }
144     }
145 }
146 
147 int load_symbol_from_file(const char *path, unsigned long long addr, unsigned long long size, unsigned long long offset, STORE_T& store) {
148     printf("loading symble from %s\n", path);
149     FILE *fp = fopen(path, "rb");
150     if (fp==NULL) { perror("fail to open file"); return -1; }
151     char ident[EI_NIDENT], c;
152     int err=0;
153     int rc = fread(ident, sizeof(ident), 1, fp);
154     if (rc != 1) { perror("fail to read ident"); err=-1; goto end; }
155     if (ident[0]!=0x7f) { printf("not a elf file\n"); err=-1; goto  end; }
156     c=ident[4];
157     rc = fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET); if (rc<0) { perror("fail to rewind"); goto end; }
158     if (c == ELFCLASS32) {
159         printf("32bit elf not supported yet\n"); err=-2; goto end;
160     } else if (c == ELFCLASS64) {
161         parse_elf64(fp, addr, size, offset, store);
162     }
163 
164 end:
165     fclose(fp);
166     return err;
167 }
168 
169 static unsigned long long parse_hex(char *p, int *n) {
170     unsigned long long r=0;
171     int i=0;
172     *n = 0;
173     while(p[i]==' '||p[i]=='\t') i++;
174     if (p[i]==0) return 0;
175     if (p[i+1]=='x') i+=2;
176     int v;
177     while(p[i]) {
178         if (p[i]>='0'&&p[i]<='9') v=p[i]-'0';
179         else if (p[i]>='a'&&p[i]<='f') v=10+p[i]-'a';
180         else if (p[i]>='A'&&p[i]<='F') v=10+p[i]-'A';
181         else break;
182         r=(r<<4)+v;
183         i++;
184     }
185     *n = i;
186     return r;
187 }
188 
189 STORE_T*  load_symbol_pid(int pid) {
190     printf("loading symbols for %d\n", pid);
191     char bb[128];
192     sprintf(bb, "/proc/%d/maps", pid);
193     FILE* fp = fopen(bb, "r");
194     if (fp==NULL) return NULL;
195     STORE_T *store = new STORE_T();
196     unsigned long long start, end, offset;
197     char *p;
198     int i, c, j;
199     while(1) {
200         p=fgets(bb, sizeof(bb), fp); if (p==NULL) break;
201         i=0; c=0;
202         start = parse_hex(p, &c); if (start==0) continue; i+=c; if (p[i]!='-') continue; i++;
203         end = parse_hex(p+i, &c); if (end==0) continue; i+=c;
204         // parse type
205         for (j=0; j<8; j++) { if (p[i]=='x') break; i++; } if (j>=8) continue;
206         while(p[i]!=' '&&p[i]!='\t'&&p[i]!=0) i++; if (p[i]==0) continue;
207         offset = parse_hex(p+i, &c); if (c==0) continue;
208         // remaining should contains '/' indicating this mmap is refering to a file
209         while(p[i]&&p[i]!='/') i++; if (p[i]==0) continue;
210         sprintf(bb, "/proc/%d/map_files/%llx-%llx", pid, start, end);
211         load_symbol_from_file(bb, start, end-start, offset, *store);
212     }
213     fclose(fp);
214     return store;
215 }
216 
217 /* parse kernel func symbols from /proc/kallsyms */
218 K_STORE_T* load_kernel() {
219     FILE* fp = fopen("/proc/kallsyms", "r");
220     if (fp == NULL) return NULL;
221     char *p;
222     unsigned long long addr;
223     int c;
224     K_STORE_T* store = new K_STORE_T();
225     char bb[128], adr[128], type[8], name[128];
226     while(1) {
227         p = fgets(bb, sizeof(bb), fp); if (p==NULL) break;
228         if (sscanf(p, "%s %s %s", adr, type, name)!=3) continue;;
229         if (type[0]!='t'&&type[0]!='T') continue;
230         addr=parse_hex(adr, &c); if (c==0) continue;
231         (*store)[addr] = string(name);
232     }
233     return store;
234     fclose(fp);
235 }
236 
237 //------------------------------perf profiler-------------------------
238 static long perf_event_open(struct perf_event_attr *perf_event, pid_t pid, int cpu, int group_fd, unsigned long flags) {
239     return syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, perf_event, pid, cpu, group_fd, flags);
240 }
241 unordered_map<int, STORE_T*> pid_symbols;
242 K_STORE_T* kernel_symbols = NULL;
243 
244 struct pollfd polls[MAXCPU];
245 // res for cleanup
246 static long long psize;
247 map<int, pair<void*, long long>> res;
248 TNode* gnode = NULL;
249 
250 void int_exit(int _) {
251     for (auto x: res) {
252         auto y = x.second;
253         void* addr = y.first;
254         munmap(addr, (1+MAXN)*psize);
255         close(x.first);
256     }
257     res.clear();
258     if (gnode!=NULL) {
259         FILE* fp = fopen("./report.html", "w");
260         if (fp) {
261             fprintf(fp, "<head> <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"report.css\"> <script src=\"report.js\"> </script> </head>\n");
262             fprintf(fp, "<ul class=\"tree\">\n");
263             gnode->printit(fp, 0);
264             fprintf(fp, "</ul>\n");
265             fclose(fp);
266             printf("report done\n");
267         }
268         gnode = NULL;
269     }
270 }
271 /*
272 perf call chain process
273 For now, if a address would not be located to some function, the address would be skipped.
274  */
275 int process_event(char *base, unsigned long long size, unsigned long long offset) {
276     struct perf_event_header* p = NULL;
277     int pid, xpid;
278     unsigned long long time;
279     offset%=size;
280     // assuming the header would fit within size
281     p = (struct perf_event_header*) (base+offset);
282     offset+=sizeof(*p); if (offset>=size) offset-=size;
283     if (p->type != PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE) return p->size;
284     // pid, tip;
285     pid = *((int *)(base+offset));  offset+=8; if (offset>=size) offset-=size;
286     unsigned long long nr = *((unsigned long long*)(base+offset)); offset+=8; if (offset>=size) offset-=size;
287     unsigned long long addr, o, addr0;
288     if (nr) {
289         if (gnode==NULL) gnode=new TNode();
290         char bb[64];
291         TNode* r = gnode;
292         if (pid_symbols.count(pid)==0) pid_symbols[pid] = load_symbol_pid(pid);
293         STORE_T* px = pid_symbols[pid];
294         addr0 = *((unsigned long long *)(base+offset));
295         char user_mark = 0;
296         for (int i=nr-1; i>=0; i--) {
297             o = i*8+offset; if (o>=size) o-=size;
298             addr = *((unsigned long long*)(base+o));
299             if ((addr>>56)==(addr0>>56) && (p->misc&PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL)) {
300                 // skip the cross line command, no idear how to correctly resolve it now.
301                 if (user_mark) { user_mark=0; continue; }
302                 // check in kernel
303                 if (kernel_symbols&&!kernel_symbols->empty()) {
304                     auto x = kernel_symbols->upper_bound(addr);
305                     if (x==kernel_symbols->begin()) {
306                         // sprintf(bb, "0x%llx", addr); r = r->add(string(bb));
307                     } else {
308                         x--;
309                         r = r->add((*x).second);
310                     }
311                 } else {
312                     // sprintf(bb, "0x%llx", addr); r = r->add(string(bb));
313                 }
314             } else {
315                 if (px) {
316                     auto x = px->upper_bound(addr);
317                     if (x==px->begin()) {
318                         // sprintf(bb, "0x%llx", addr); r = r->add(string(bb));
319                     } else {
320                         x--;
321                         auto y = (*x).second;
322                         if (addr>(*x).first+y.second) {
323                             // r = r->add(y.first);
324                             // sprintf(bb, "0x%llx", addr); r = r->add(string(bb));
325                         } else {
326                             r = r->add(y.first);
327                         }
328                     }
329                 } else {
330                     // sprintf(bb, "0x%llx", addr); r = r->add(string(bb));
331                 }
332                 user_mark=1;
333             }
334         }
335     }
336     return p->size;
337 }
338 
339 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
340     if (argc != 2) { printf("need pid\n"); return 1; }
341     load_kernel();
342     int pid = atoi(argv[1]); if (pid<=0) { printf("invalid pid %s\n", argv[1]); return 1; }
343     // find cgroup
344     char xb[256], xb2[256];
345     int i, j, k;
346     int fd;
347     void *addr;
348     sprintf(xb, "/proc/%d/cgroup", pid);
349     FILE* fp = fopen(xb, "r");
350     if (fp==NULL) error("fail to open cgroup file");
351     char *p;
352     xb2[0]=0;
353     int cgroup_name_len=0;
354     while(1) {
355         p = fgets(xb, sizeof(xb), fp); if (p==NULL) break;
356         i=0; while(p[i]&&p[i]!=':') i++; if (p[i]==0) continue;
357         if (strstr(p, "perf_event")) {
358             i++; while(p[i]!=':'&&p[i]) i++;  if (p[i]!=':') continue; i++;
359             j=i; while(p[j]!='\r'&&p[j]!='\n'&&p[j]!=0) j++; p[j]=0;
360             sprintf(xb2, "/sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event%s", p+i);
361             cgroup_name_len=j-i;
362             break;
363         } else if (p[i+1]==':') {
364             i+=2; j=i; while(p[j]!='\r'&&p[j]!='\n'&&p[j]!=0) j++; p[j]=0;
365             sprintf(xb2, "/sys/fs/cgroup/%s", p+i);
366             cgroup_name_len=j-i;
367         }
368     }
369     fclose(fp);
370     if (xb2[0]==0) error("no proper cgroup found\n");
371     if (cgroup_name_len<2) {
372         printf("cgroup %s seems to be root, not allowed\n", xb2);
373         return -1;
374     }
375     printf("try to use cgroup %s\n", xb2);
376     int cgroup_id = open(xb2, O_CLOEXEC);
377     if (cgroup_id<=0) { perror("error open cgroup dir"); return 1; }
378     // start perf event
379     psize = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE); // getpagesize();
380     int cpu_num = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
381 	struct perf_event_attr attr;
382     memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
383     attr.type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE;
384     attr.size = sizeof(attr);
385     attr.config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES;
386     // attr.config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS;
387     attr.sample_period = 1;
388     attr.wakeup_events = 32;
389     attr.sample_type = PERF_SAMPLE_TID|PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN;
390     attr.context_switch = 1;
391     // attr.sample_id_all = 1;
392     for (i=0, k=0; i<cpu_num&&i<MAXCPU; i++) {
393         printf("attaching cpu %d\n", i);
394         fd = perf_event_open(&attr, cgroup_id, i, -1, PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC|PERF_FLAG_PID_CGROUP);
395         if (fd<0) { perror("fail to open perf event"); continue; }
396         addr = mmap(NULL, (1+MAXN)*psize, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
397         if (addr == MAP_FAILED) { perror("mmap failed"); close(fd); continue; }
398         res[fd] = make_pair(addr, 0);
399         polls[k].fd = fd;
400         polls[k].events = POLLIN;
401         polls[k].revents = 0;
402         k++;
403     }
404     if (k==0) { printf("no cpu event attached at all\n"); return 1; }
405 
406 	signal(SIGINT, int_exit);
407 	signal(SIGTERM, int_exit);
408 
409     unsigned long long head;
410     struct perf_event_mmap_page *mp;
411     while (poll(polls, k, -1)>0) {
412         for (i=0; i<k; i++) {
413             if ((polls[i].revents&POLLIN)==0) continue;
414             fd = polls[i].fd;
415             addr = res[fd].first;
416             mp = (struct perf_event_mmap_page *)addr;
417             head = res[fd].second;
418             if (head==mp->data_head) continue;
419             ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT, 1);
420             head = mp->data_head-((mp->data_head-head)%mp->data_size);
421             while(head<mp->data_head) head+=process_event((char*)addr+mp->data_offset, mp->data_size, head);
422             ioctl(fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT, 0);
423             res[fd].second = mp->data_head;
424         }
425     }
426 
427     int_exit(0);
428     return 0;
429 }
430